Compositions for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers comprising at least one fatty alcohol having more than twenty carbon atoms and at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an hlb greater than 5

ABSTRACT

Compositions for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair, comprising, in a dyeing medium, (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally at least one fatty alcohol having at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, in a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is less than or equal to 1:1. Processes comprising such oxidation dyeing compositions.

The present invention relates to a composition for oxidation dyeingkeratin fibres, in particular human keratin fibres such as hair,comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable dyeing medium, (1) at least oneoxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more thantwenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most1:1.

It is known to dye keratin fibers, for example human hair, with dyeingcompositions comprising oxidation dye precursors, generally called“oxidation bases.” Representative oxidation bases include ortho- andpara-phenylenediamines, ortho- and para-aminophenols, and heterocyclicbases.

Oxidation dye precursors are compounds initially only slightly colouredor not coloured which develop their dyeing power in the hair in thepresence of oxidizing agents, leading to the formation of colouredcompounds. The formation of these coloured compounds results either fromoxidative condensation of the “oxidation bases” with themselves, oroxidative condensation of the “oxidation bases” with colour modifyingcompounds, or “couplers”, which are generally present in the dyeingcompositions used in oxidation dyeing and are represented moreparticularly by meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols andmeta-diphenols, and certain heterocyclic compounds.

The variety of compositions that can be employed in oxidationcoloration, chosen from oxidation bases, oxidation couplers and mixturesof oxidation bases and couplers, can contribute to a pallet very rich incolor.

A dyeing product should be able to be confined upon application to thehair so that, on the one hand, it does not run over the face or outsidethe areas which it is desired to dye, and, on the other hand, a uniformand regular coloration may be obtained on the hair as a whole.Compositions comprising oxidation dye(s) prior to combining with anoxidizing agent should also be stable over time, such as, for example,from the rheological point of view.

Traditional thickeners, which can provide a gelling effect when dilutedby water and/or surfactants, have been used conventionally to localizethe dye product as applied on hair, so that the dye product does nottouch the face or the area outside the area to be dyed. Such thickeners,chosen as appropriate, for example include crosslinked polyacrylic acid,hydroxyethylcelluloses, certain polyurethanes, waxes or mixtures ofnonionic surfactants having an HLB (Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance).

However, the inventors have observed that the above-mentioned thickeningsystems may impede a result of intense and chromatic shades of lowselectivity and good fastness and a good cosmetic condition to thetreated hair. However, it has also been observed that the ready-to-usedyeing compositions comprising known oxidation dye(s) and thickeningsystems tend to result in imprecise application of such compositionsand/or a decrease in viscosity over time.

However, the inventors have observed that the abovementioned systems donot make it possible to obtain intense and chromatic shades of lowselectivity and good fastness while offering good stability of thecompositions, good ease of application leading to uniform and regularcolorations of the hair and a good cosmetic condition to the treatedhair. However, it has also been observed that the ready-to-use dyeingcompositions containing the oxidation dye(s), and the thickening systemsof the prior art do not allow a sufficiently precise application withoutrunning or drops in viscosity over time.

The inventors have discovered that it is possible to obtain ready-to-useoxidation dyeing compositions that resist running and tend to remainwell-confined to the site of application. Additionally, suchcompositions may favor more intense and more chromatic (radiant) shades,while exhibiting low selectivities and good fastness toward chemicalagents (shampoo, permanent waving and the like) and/or natural agents(light, perspiration and the like), and while offering the hair goodcosmetic properties. The inventors have discovered that it is possibleto obtain at least one of the aforementioned characteristics byformulating a ready-to-use cosmetic dyeing composition comprising (1) atleast one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising morethan twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most1:1.

At least one of these discoveries forms the basis of the presentinvention.

The subject of the present invention is thus a cosmetic composition foroxidation dyeing keratin fibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair,comprising, in a dyeing medium:

(1) at least one oxidation dye;

(2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms;

(3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms;

(4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greaterthan 5; and

(5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with anHLB at most equal to 5,

provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion suchthat the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1.

Another subject of the invention relates to a ready-to-use cosmeticcomposition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers comprising, in a dyeingmedium, (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one oxidizing agent(3) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms,(4) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms, (5) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantwith an HLB greater than 5, and (6) optionally comprising at least oneoxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that(2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weightratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1. The term “ready-to-usecomposition” is understood to mean, for the purposes of the presentinvention, a composition intended to be applied immediately to thekeratin fibers, either stored as it is before use or obtained from themixture of two or more compositions.

The invention also relates to a method for oxidation dyeing keratinfibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair, comprising:

(i) applying to said keratin fibers at least one composition (A)comprising, in a dyeing medium, (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) atleast one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3)optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantwith an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least oneoxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that(2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weightratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1, and

(ii) developing a color with the aid of at least one composition (B)comprising at least one oxidizing agent, wherein said at least oneoxidizing composition (B) is combined at the time of use with said atleast one composition (A) or said at least one oxidizing composition (B)is applied sequentially to said at least one composition (A) withoutintermediate rinsing.

One embodiment of the invention relates to multicompartment dyeingdevices or “kits” for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers, such as humankeratin fibers like hair.

A kit according to the invention comprises at least two compartments,wherein:

a first compartment comprises:

(1) at least one oxidation dye;

(2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms;

(3) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms;

(4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greaterthan 5; and

(5) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with anHLB at most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are presentin a proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is atmost 1:1; and

a second compartment comprises at least one oxidizing agent.

At Least One Fatty Alcohol Comprising more than 20 Carbon Atoms

The expression fatty alcohols includes, but is not limited to, fattyalcohols chosen from branched and unbranched, saturated and unsaturatedfatty alcohols. The expression at least one (as used herein, “at leastone” means one or more and thus includes mixtures and combinations)fatty alcohol comprising more than 20 carbon atoms includes, but is notlimited to, fatty alcohols comprising more than twenty carbon atoms,mixtures of fatty alcohols comprising at least 30% by weight of at leastone fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, and mixturesof fatty alcohols comprising more than 30% by weight of at least onefatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms. In oneembodiment the fatty alcohol is a pure alcohol, i.e., a single fattyalcohol comprising more than 20 carbon atoms.

Representative at least one fatty alcohol that can be used according tothe invention include for example behenyl alcohol and erucyl alcohol.

There may also be mentioned the commercial products NAFOL 18-22, NAFOL18-22B, NAFOL 18-22 C, NAFOL 20+, NAFOL 20-22, and NACOL 22-98 from thecompany CONDEA, the commercial product CRODACID PG 3220 from the companyCRODA, and the commercial product EDENOR U 122 from the company HENKEL.

The at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atomsmay be present in an amount ranging for example from 0.01% to 30% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition, such as from0.05% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition,and further such as from 0.1% to 15% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise at leastone fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms. Representativefatty alcohols comprising at most twenty carbon atoms that may be usedinclude lauryl, cetyl, stearyl and oleyl alcohols. These additionalfatty alcohols may be present in an amount generally ranging for exampleup to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

Surfactants

The HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance) of the surfactant(s) usedaccording to the invention is the HLB according to GRIFFIN defined inthe publication J. Soc. Cosm. Chem. 1954 (Volume 5), pages 249-256, thedisclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, or the HLBdetermined experimentally and as defined in the manual by the authors F.PUISIEUX and M. SEILLER entitled “GALENICA 5: Les systèmes dispersés[Dispersed systems]—Volume I—Agents de surface et émulsions [Surfactantsand emulsions]—Chapter IV—Notions de HLB et de HLB critique [Basics ofHLB and critical HLB], pages 153-194—paragraph 1.1.2, Determination ofHLB by the experimental route, pages 164-180, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference.

As used herein, the expression “oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants” isunderstood, for the purposes of the present invention, to mean nonionicsurfactants which comprise at least one group chosen from —CH₂—CH₂—O—,—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—O—, and CH₂—CH(CH₃)—O—.

(i) At Least One Oxyalkylenated Nonionic Surfactants with an HLB Greaterthan 5

Representative at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants with anHLB greater than 5 include, for example:

oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising more than 2 mol of EO,

EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio in numerical terms is less than0.71:1,

oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising more than 5 mol of EO,

oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising more than 2 mol of EO,

esters of fatty acids and of polyethylene glycols, and

polyoxyethylenated esters of fatty acids and of sorbitol.

For example, the at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with anHLB greater than 5 includes the following commercial embodiments:

Imbentin POA/024 (HLB = 5.5) (ICl) Synperonic PE L92 (HLB = 5.5) (ICl)Mergital LM2 (HLB = 5.8) (HENKEL) Atlas G-70140 (HLB = 6) (ICl)Imbentin. AG/124S/020 (HLB = 6) (KOLB) Imbentin. L/125/025 (HLB = 6)(KOLB) Simulsol 989 (HLB = 6) (SEPPIC) Soprophor HR10 (HLB = 6) (RHONEPOULENC) Kotilen O/1/050 (HLB = 6.2) (KOLB) Croduret 10 (HLB = 6.3)(CRODA) Etocas 10 (HLB = 6.3) (CRODA) Imbentin OA/030 (HLB = 6.3) (KOLB)Soprophor 208 (HLB = 6.9) (RHONE POULENC) Ethylan 172 (HLB = 7)(HARCROS) Akyporox NP 40 (HLB = 7.1) (CHEM-Y) Polychol 5 (HLB = 7.3)(CRODA) Arlatone 985 (HLB = 7.5) (ICl Sandoxylate FOL4 (HLB = 7.5)(SANDOZ) Radiasurf 7453 (HLB = 7,8) (OLEOFINA) Prox-onic OA-1/04 (HLB =7.9) (PROTEX) Prox-onic TD-1/03 (HLB = 7.9) (PROTEX) Genapol PF 40 (HLB= 8) (HOECHST) PGE-400-DS (HLB = 8) (HEFTI) PGE-400-DO (HLB = 8) (HEFTI)Sapogenat 6-040 (HLB = 8) (HOECHST) Intrasol FA28/50/4 (HLB = 8.1)(STOCKHAUSEN) Serdox NOG 200 S (HLB = 8.5) (SERVO) Berol 26 (HLB = 8.9)(BEROL NOBEL) Genapol O-050 (HLB = 9) (HOECHST) Prox-onic LA-1/04 (HLB =9.2) (PROTEX) Eumulgin O5 (HLB = 9.5) (HENKEL) Etocas 20 (HLB = 9,6)(CRODA) Antarox CO 520 (HLB = 10) (RHONE POULENC) Imbentin POA/060 (HLB= 10) (KOLB) TO-55-EL (HLB = 10) (HEFTI) Atlas G-1086 (HLB = 10.2) (ICl)Atlox 4878B (HLB = 10.5) (ICl) Berol 059 (HLB = 10.5) (BEROL NOBEL)Kessco PEG 600 (HLB = 10.5) (AKZO) Dilaurate Mergital LT6 (HLB = 10.6)(HENKEL) Polychol 10 (HLB = 10.7) (CRODA) Prox-onic HR-025 (HLB = 10.8)(PROTEX) Tebenal NP6 (HLB = 10.9) (BOHME) Cremophor A6 (HLB = 11) (BASF)Genapol O-080 (HLB = 11) (HOECHST) Genapol T-080 (HLB = 11) (HOECHST)Kotilen-O/3 (HLB = 11) (KOLB) Lutensol AP 7 (HLB = 11) (BASF) Tween 85(HLB = 11) (ICl) Tebecid S8 (HLB = 11.2) (BOHME) Berol 047 (HLB = 11.4)(BEROL NOBEL) Soprophor 860P (HLB = 11.4) (RHONE POULENC) Dobanol 45-7(HLB = 11.6) (SHELL) Prox-onic HR-030 (HLB = 11.7) (PROTEX) Ethonic1214-6.5 (HLB = 11.8) (ETHYL) Prox-onic OA-1/09 (HLB = 11.9) (PROTEX)Cremophor S9 (HLB = 12) (BASF) Imbentin AG/128/080 (HLB = 12) (KOLB)Serdox NOG 440 (HLB = 12) (SERVO) Softanol 70 (HLB = 12.1) (B.PCHEMICALS) Renex 707 (HLB = 12.2) (ICl) Simulsol 830 NP (HLB = 12.3)(SEPPIC) Brij 76 (HLB = 12.4) (ICl) Tebenal T10 (HLB = 12.4) (BOHME)Volpo S-10 (HLB = 12.4) (CRODA) Eumulgin O10 (HLB = 12.5) (HENKEL) Berol199 (HLB = 12.6) (BEROL NOBEL) Triton N-87 (HLB 12.6) (ROHM AND HAAS)Polychol 15 (HLB = 12.7) (CRODA) Brij 56 (HLB = 12.9) (ICl) Simulsol 56(HLB = 12.9) (SEPPIC) Cremophor A11 (HLB = 13) (BASF) Eumulgin 286 (HLB= 13) (HENKEL) Genapol T-110 (HLB = 13) (HOECHST) Sandoxylate FOL12 (HLB= 13) (SANDOZ) Bio soft HR 40 (HLB = 13.1) (STEPAN) Berol 046 (HLB =13.5) (BEROL NOBEL) Eumulgin B1 (HLB = 13.5) (HENKEL) Dobanol 45-11 (HLB= 13.7) (SHELL) Aqualose W20 (HLB = 14) (WESTBROCK LANOLIN) Ethylan DP(HLB = 14) (HARCROS) Mergital OC12 (HLB = 14) (HENKEL) Simulsol 1230 NP(HLB = 14) (SEPPIC) Tagat R1 (HLB = 14) (GOLDSCHMIDT) Tagat I2 (HLB =14.2) (GOLDSCHMIDT) Tebecid RM20 (HLB = 14.4) (BOHME) ImbentinAG/168/150 (HLB = 14.5) (KOLB) Prox-onic LA-1/012 (HLB = 14.5) (PROTEX)Etocas 60 (HLB = 14.7) (CRODA) Radiasurf 7157 (HLB = 14.9) (OLEOFINA)Genapol T-180 (HLB = 15) (HOECHST) Montanox 80 (HLB = 15) (SEPPIC)Serdox NJAD 20 (HLB = 15) (SERVO) Tagat R60 (HLB = 15) (GOLDSCHMIDT)Berol 278 (HLB = 15.2) (BEROL NOBEL) Brij 78 (HLB = 15.3) (ICl) Simulsol98 (HLB = 15.3) (SEPPIC) Montanox 40 (HLB 15.6) (SEPPIC) Brij 58 (HLB =15.7) (ICl) Aqualose L75 (HLB = 16) (WESTBROCK LANOLIN) Atlas G-1471(HLB = 16) (ICl) Berol 281 (HLB = 16) (BEROL NOBEL) Berol 292 (HLB = 16)(BEROL NOBEL) Nafolox 20-22 30OE (HLB = 16) (CONDEA) Genapol C-200 (HLB= 16) (HOECHST) Myrj 51 (HLB = 16) (ICl) Simulsol PS 20 (HLB = 16)(SEPPIC) Tergitol 15 S 20 (HLB 16.3) (UNION CARBIDE) Synperonic PE P75(HLB = 16.5) (ICl) Montanox 20 (HLB = 16.7) (SEPPIC) Myrjj 52 (HLB =16.9) (ICl) Simulsol 3030 NP (HLB = 17) (SEPPIC) Imbentin AG/168/400(HLB = 17.5) (KOLB) Rhodia Surf NP40 (HLB = 17.7) (RHONE POULENC)Incropol CS-50 (HLB = 17.9) (CRODA) Servirox OEG 90/50 (HLB = 18)(SERVO) Prox-onic HR-0200 (HLB = 18.1) (PROTEX) Berol 243 (HLB = 18.2)(BEROL NOBEL) Imbentin N/600 (HLB = 18.5) (KOLB) Antarox CO 980 (HLB =18.7) (RHONE POULENC) Antarox CO 987 (HLB = 18.7) (RHONE POULENC) Berol08 (HLB = 18.7) (BEROL NOBEL) Brij 700 (HLB = 18.8) (ICl) Prox-onicNP-0100 (HLB = 19) (PROTEX) Rs-55-100 (HLB = 19) (HEFTI) ImbentinAG/168S/950 (HLB = 20) (KOLB) Synperonic PE F87 (HLB = 24) (ICl)Alkasurf BA-PE80 (HLB = 26.1) (RHONE POULENC) Synperonic PE F38 (HLB =30.5) (ICl)

The at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greaterthan 5 may be present in an amount ranging for example from 0.1% to 30%by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, such as from0.5% to 25% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition,and further such as from 1% to 20% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

(i) At Least One Oxyalkylenated Nonionic Surfactant with an HLB at MostEqual to 5

Representative examples of at least one oxyalkylenated nonionicsurfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 include:

oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising at most 2 mol of EO,

EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio is greater than 0.71:1,

oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising at most 5 mol of EO, and

oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising at most 2 mol of EO.

For example, the at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantincludes the following commercial embodiments:

Synperonic PE L121 (HLB = 0.5) ICl Prox-Onic EP 4060-1 (HLB = 1) PROTEXSynperonic PE L101 (HLB = 1) ICl Etocas 29 (HLB = 1.7) CRODA Genapol PF10 (HLB = 2) HOECHST Synperonic PE L81 (HLB = 2) ICl Prox-Onic EP 1090-1(HLB = 3) PROTEX Sinnopal DPN2 (HLB = 3.3) HENKEL Antarox CA 210 (HLB =3.5) RHONE-POULENC Alkasurf OP11 (HLB = 3.6) RHONE-PQULENC Triton X15(HLB = 3.6) ROHM et HAAS Alkasurf OP1 (HLB = 3.6) RHONE-POULENC Arlacel121 (HLB = 3.8) ICl Prox-Onic HR or HRH-05 (HLB = 3.8) PROTEX Etocas 5(HLB = 3.9) HOECHST Genapol PF20 (HLB = 4) HOECHST Imbentin N/7 A (HLB =4) KOLB Synperonic PE L122 (HLB = 4) ICl Ethylan NP1 (HLB = 4.5) HARCROSImbentin N/020 (HLB = 4.5) KOLB Kotilen O/3/020 (HLB = 4.5) KOLBSynperonic PE L31 (HLB = 4.5) ICl TO-55-A (HLB = 4.5) HEFTI AlkasurfNP-1 (HLB = 4.6) RHONE-POULENC Antarox CO 210 (HLB = 4.6) RHONE-POULENCProx-Onic NP-1 (HLB = 4.6) PROTEX Rhodiasurf NP2 (HLB = 4.6)RHONE-POULENC Soprophor BC2 (HLB = 4.6) RHONE-POULENC Triton N17 (HLB =4.6) ROHM et HAAS Akyporox NP15 (HLB = 4.7) CHEM-Y Texofor M2 (HLB =4.8) RHONE-POULENC Alkasurf SA2 (HLB = 4.9) RHONE-POULENC Arlacel 989(HLB = 4.9) ICl Brij 72 (HLB = 4.9) ICl Brij 92 (HLB = 4.9) ICl Brij 93(HLB = 4.9) ICl Prox-Onic SA-1 or 2/02 (HLB = 4.9) PROTEX Simulsol 72(HLB = 4.9) SEPPIC Simulsol 92 (HLB = 4.9) SEPPIC Volpo S-2 (HLB = 4.9)CRODA Arlacel 581 (HLB = 5.0) ICl Arlacel 582 (HLB = 5.0) ICl GenapolO-020 (HLB = 5.0) HOECHST Imbentin POA/020 (HLB = 5.0) KOLB Mergital Q2(HLB = 5.0) HENKEL

If present, the at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with anHLB at most equal to 5 may be present in an amount generally ranging forexample up 30% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as up to 10% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

Oxidation Dyes

The at least one oxidation dye which can be used according to thepresent invention is chosen from oxidation bases, and oxidationcouplers. In one embodiment, the compositions can comprise at least oneoxidation base.

The oxidation bases usable in the context of the present invention arechosen from those conventionally known as oxidation dyes. Representativeoxidation dyes include ortho- and para-phenylenediamines, double bases,ortho- and para-aminophenols and heterocyclic bases as well as theiraddition salts with an acid.

For example, the following oxidation bases may be used:

(I) para-phenylenediamines chosen from compounds of formula (I), andtheir acid addition salts:

wherein:

R₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkylgroups, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with at least one group chosenfrom nitrogen-containing groups, phenyl groups and 4′-aminophenylgroups, and

R₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkylgroups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with a nitrogen-containinggroup;

R₁ and R₂may also form, together with the nitrogen atom to which theyare bonded, a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle ring,optionally substituted with at least one group chosen from alkyl groups,hydroxyl groups and ureido groups;

R₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as chlorine, C₁-C₄ alkylgroups, sulfo groups, carboxyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups,hydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyoxy) groups, acetylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups,mesylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, and carbamoylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy)groups;

R₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups.

Suitable nitrogen-containing groups of formula (I) above may, forexample, be chosen from amino, (C₁-C₄) monoalkylamino,(C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,imidazolinium, and ammonium groups.

Representative para-phenylenediamines of formula (I) above which may beused include para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylaniline,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-chloroaniline,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-(ethyl-β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-methyl-1-N-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine and their acidaddition salts.

In other embodiments of the present invention, para-phenylenediamines offormula (I) above can, for example, be chosen frompara-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid addition salts.

According to the invention, “double bases” is understood to mean thecompounds comprising at least two aromatic rings on which at least onefunctional group chosen from amino groups and hydroxyl groups arecarried.

(II) double bases chosen from compounds comprising at least two aromaticrings substituted with at least one group chosen from amino and hydroxylgroups. Such double bases may be chosen from compounds of formula (II),and their acid addition salts:

wherein:

Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydroxyl groups, and —NH₂ groups, optionally substituted with a groupchosen from C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, and linkers Y;

linker Y is chosen from linear and branched, divalent alkylene groupscomprising from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by, oroptionally terminating with, at least one entity chosen fromnitrogen-containing groups and heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur, andnitrogen, and optionally substituted with at least one group chosen fromhydroxyl groups, and C₁-C₆ alkoxy groups;

R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups,polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and linkersY;

R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, areeach chosen from hydrogen, linkers Y, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups;

provided that said compounds of formula (II) comprise only one linker Yper molecule.

Suitable nitrogen-containing groups of formula (II) includemono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, (C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium and ammonium groups.

Representative double bases of formula (II) includeN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.

In another embodiment of the invention, the double bases of formula (II)may be chosen fromN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and their acid additionsalts.

(III) para-aminophenols chosen from compounds of formula (III), andtheir acid addition salts:

wherein:

R₁₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as fluorine, C₁-C₄ alkylgroups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkylgroups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl), and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄ alkyl)groups;

R₁₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, such as fluorine, C₁-C₄ alkylgroups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, cyano(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups.

Representative para-aminophenols of formula (III) above includepara-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol,4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol,4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol, and their acid additionsalts.

(IV) ortho-aminophenols chosen, for example, from 2-aminophenol,2-amino-1-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene, 2-amino-1-hydroxy-6-methylbenzene,5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and their acid addition salts.

(V) heterocyclic bases chosen, for example, from pyridine derivatives,pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazole derivatives, pyrazolo-pyrimidinederivatives, and their acid addition salts.

Representative pyridine derivatives include 2,5-diaminopyridine,2-(4-methoxyphenyl)amino-3-aminopyridine, 2,3-diamino-6-methoxypyridine,2-(β-methoxyethyl)amino-3-amino-6-methoxypyridine, 3,4-diaminopyridine,and their acid addition salts. Some of the aforementioned pyridinederivatives have been described, for example in the patents GB 1,026,978and GB 1,153,196, the disclosures of which are incorporated by referenceherein.

Representative pyrimidine derivatives include2,4,5,6-tetraminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine,2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, and their acid addition salts. Some of theaforementioned pyrimidine derivatives have been described, for examplein German Patent DE 2,359,399, Japanese Patents JP 88-169,571 and JP91-10659, and Patent Application WO 96/15765, the disclosures of whichare incorporated by reference herein.

Representative pyrazolo-pyrimidine derivatives include those described,for example, in the patent application FR-A-2 750 048, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated by reference herein. Such pyrazolo-pyrimidinederivatives include pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, such as

pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

2,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol;

3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-ol;

2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ylamino)ethanol;

2-(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-ylamino)ethanol;

2-[(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

2-[(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

5,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

2,5,N7,N7-tetramethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

3-amino-5-methyl-7-imidazolylpropylaminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine; theirsalts, such as their acid addition salts, and their tautomeric formswhen a tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Representative pyrazole derivatives include4,5-diamino-1-methylpyrazole, 3,4-diaminopyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(4′-chlorobenzyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole,4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazinopyrazole,1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methyl-pyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-(4′-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4-amino-5-(2′-aminoethyl)amino-1,3-dimethyl-pyrazole,3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 1-methyl-3,4,5-triaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-4-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-1-methylpyrazole, and their acidaddition salts. Some of the aforementioned pyrazole derivatives havebeen described, for example in Patents DE 3,843,892, DE 4,133,957 andPatent Applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2,733,749 and DE 19543 988, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

The oxidation bases may be present in an amount ranging for example from0.0005% to 12% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as from 0.005% to 8% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

Suitable couplers which may be used in the dyeing process of theinvention include couplers conventionally used in oxidation dyeingcompositions. Such couplers can be chosen, for example, frommeta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthols,sesamol and its derivatives, heterocyclic couplers, such as, forexample, indole derivatives, indoline derivatives, pyridine derivatives,pyrazolotriazole derivatives, pyrazolones, indazoles, benzimidazoles,benzothiazoles, benzoxazoles, 1,3-benzodioxoles, quinolines and theiracid addition salts.

Representative couplers include2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene, 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol, α-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1-H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one,1-amino-2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine,3,6-dimethylpyrazolo[3,2-c]-1,2,4-triazole,2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-b]-1,2,4-triazole, and their acid additionsalts.

When these couplers are present, they are generally present in an amountranging for example from 0.0001% to 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition, such as from 0.005% to 5% by weight relativeto the total weight of the composition.

Generally, the acid addition salts of the oxidation bases and couplerscan be chosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates, tartrates,lactates and acetates.

The compositions according to the invention may also comprise at leastone direct dye. Representative direct dyes which can be used in thepresent invention include direct dyes that have conventionally been usedin direct dyeing compositions and lighting direct dyeing compositions.For example, the dyes can be chosen from neutral, cationic, and anionicnitro dyes, neutral, cationic, and anionic anthraquinone dyes, andneutral, cationic, and anionic azo dyes. Generally, the direct dyes arepresent in amounts ranging for example from 0.001% to 20% by weight ofthe total weight of the composition, such as for example from 0.01% to10% by weight of the total weight of the composition.

In one embodiment of the invention, namely within the ready-to-usecomposition, said at least one composition (A) and said at least onecomposition (B) can further comprise at least one polymer chosen fromcationic and amphoteric polymers, such as substantive polymers.

At Least One Thickening Polymer Comprising at Least One Fatty Chain

The at least one thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chainaccording to the invention can be chosen from nonionic, anionic andcationic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain.

(i) Anionic Thickeners

Such anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain canbe chosen from:

(I) anionic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit and atleast one allyl ether unit comprising at least one fatty chain, forexample said anionic polymers wherein said at least one hydrophilic unitcomprises at least one ethylenic unsaturated anionic monomeric residue,such as vinylcarboxylic acid and further such as at least one monomericresidue chosen from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid residues, andwherein said at least one allyl ether unit comprising at least one fattychain corresponds to the monomeric residue resulting from the monomer offormula (I):

CH₂═C—R′—CH₂—O—B_(n)—R  (I)

in which R′ is chosen from H and CH₃, B is chosen from ethyleneoxygroups, n is chosen from zero and integers ranging from 1 to 100, R is ahydrocarbon group chosen from alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl andcycloalkyl groups, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, such as from 10to 24, and further such as from 12 to 18 carbon atoms. One embodiment ofthe invention comprises at least one allyl ether unit of the monomericresudue resulting from the monomer of formula (I), wherein R′ is H, n isequal to 10, and R is a stearyl (C₁₈) group.

Representative anionic amphiphilic polymers of this type are describedand prepared, according to a method of emulsion polymerization, inpatent EP-0,216,479, the disclosure of which is incorporated byreference herein.

As used herein, the term “lower alkyl” means an alkyl chosen fromsaturated and unsaturated, branched and unbranched C₁-C₆ alkyl groups.

Representative anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fattychain include for example polymers formed from 20% to 60% by weight ofat least one monomer chosen from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, 5%to 60% by weight of C₁-C₆ alkyl(meth)acrylates, 2% to 50% by weight ofallyl ether comprising at least one fatty chain of formula (I), and upto 1% by weight of a crosslinking agent chosen from well knowncopolymerizable polyethylenic unsaturated monomers such as diallylphthalate, allyl (meth)acrylate, divinylbenzene, (poly)ethylene glycoldimethacrylate and methylenebisacrylamide.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises at least one anionicthickening polymer chosen from crosslinked terpolymers of methacrylicacid, ethyl acrylate, and polyethylene glycol (10 EO) stearyl alcoholether (Steareth 10), such as the products sold by the company ALLIEDCOLLOIDS under the names SALCARE SC 80 and SALCARE SC 90, which areaqueous emulsions comprising 30% of a crosslinked terpolymer ofmethacrylic acid, of ethyl acrylate and of steareth-10-allyl ether(40/50/10).

Anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain can alsobe chosen from:

(II) anionic polymers comprising at least one hydrophilic unit of theolefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type and at least one hydrophobicunit of the (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type.

Such polymers are chosen from polymers comprising:

at least one hydrophilic unit formed from olefinic unsaturatedcarboxylic acid monomers of formula (II):

in which R₁ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, (which corresponds withacrylic acid, methacrylic acid and ethacrylic acid units), and

at least one hydrophobic unit formed from (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl esters ofunsaturated carboxylic acid monomers of formula (III):

in which R₂ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, (which corresponds withacrylate, methacrylate and ethacrylate units) and R₃ is chosen fromsaturated and unsaturated, branched and unbranched C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl groups.In one embodiment, for example, R₂ is chosen from H (acrylate units) andCH₃ (methacrylate units) and R₃ is chosen from C₁₂-C₂₂ alkyl groups.

(C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids in accordance withthe invention include for example lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate,decyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, laurylmethacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, isodecylmethacrylate, and dodecyl methacrylate.

Anionic polymers of this type are for example described and preparedaccording to patents U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,915,921 and 4,509,949, thedisclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain that canbe used include polymers formed from a mixture of monomers comprising:

(i) acrylic acid,

(ii) at least one ester of formula (III) described above wherein R₂ ischosen from H and CH₃, and R₃ is chosen from alkyl groups comprisingfrom 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and

(iii) at least one crosslinking agent chosen from well knowncopolymerizable polyethylenic unsaturated monomers such as diallylphthalate, allyl (meth)acrylate, divinylbenzene, (poly)ethylene glycoldimethacrylate and methylenebisacrylamide.

Representative anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fattychain that can be used include (i) polymers comprising 95% to 60% byweight of acrylic acid monomeric residue (hydrophilic unit), 4% to 40%by weight of C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl acrylate monomeric residue (hydrophobicunit), and 0% to 6% by weight of crosslinking polymerizable monomericresidue, and (ii) polymers comprising 98% to 96% by weight of acrylicacid monomeric residue (hydrophilic unit), 1% to 4% by weight of C₁₀-C₃₀alkyl acrylate monomeric residue (hydrophobic unit) and 0.1% to 0.6% byweight of crosslinking polymerizable monomeric residue such as thosedescribed above.

Among the above polymers, the products sold by the company GOODRICHunder the trade names PEMULEN TR1, PEMULEN TR2, and CARBOPOL 1382 can beused. One embodiment could employ at least one polymer chosen fromPEMULEN TR1, and the product sold by the company S.E.P.P.I.C. under thename COATEX SX.

Anionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain can alsobe chosen from:

(III) terpolymers formed from maleic anhydride/C₃₀-C₃₈ α-olefin/alkylmaleate such as the product (maleic anhydride/C₃₀-C₃₈ α-olefin/isopropylmaleate copolymer) sold under the name PERFORMA V 1608 by the companyNEWPHASE TECHNOLOGIES,

(IV) acrylic terpolymers formed from:

(a) 20% to 70% by weight of a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenicunsaturation

(b) 20% to 80% by weight of a nonsurfactant monomer withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation different from (a)

(c) 0.5% to 60% by weight of a nonionic monourethane which is theproduct of the reaction of a monohydric surfactant with a monoisocyanatewith monoethylenic unsaturation such as acrylic terpolymers described inpatent application EP-A-0,173,109, the disclosure of which isincorporated by reference herein, and more particularly acrylicterpolymers described therein in Example 3, namely a methacrylicacid/methyl acrylate/dimethyl metaisopropenyl benzyl isocyanate ofethoxylated (40 EO) behenyl alcohol terpolymer in 25% aqueousdispersion,

(V) copolymers formed from at least two monomers, wherein at least oneof said at least two monomers is chosen from a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, an ester of a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, and an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol, and

(VI) copolymers formed from at least three monomers, wherein at leastone of said at least three monomers is chosen from a carboxylic acidwith α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, at least one of said at least threemonomers is chosen from an ester of a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation and at least one of said at least threemonomers is chosen from an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol.

Additionally, these compounds can also comprise, as monomer, acarboxylic acid ester comprising an α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation and aC₁-C₄ alcohol. By way of example of this type of compound, there may bementioned ACULYN 22 sold by the company ROHM and HAAS, which is anoxyalkylenated stearyl methacrylate/ethyl acrylate/methacrylic acidterpolymer.

(ii) Nonionic Thickeners

Nonionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chainaccording to the invention can be chosen from:

(1) celluloses modified by at least one group comprising at least onefatty chain such as:

hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by at least one group comprising atleast one fatty chain such as alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups andfurther such as alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups wherein said alkylgroups comprise from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, such as the product NATROSOLPLUS GRADE 330 CS(C₁₆ alkyls) sold by the company AQUALON, and theproduct BERMOCOLL EHM 100 sold by the company BEROL NOBEL,

hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by at least one polyalkylene glycolether of alkylphenol group, such as the product AMERCELL POLYMER HM-1500(polyethylene glycol (15) ether of nonylphenol) sold by the companyAMERCHOL;

(2) hydroxypropylguars modified by at least one group comprising atleast one fatty chain such as the product ESAFLOR HM 22 (C₂₂ alkylchain) sold by the company LAMBERTI, the products RE 210-18 (C₁₄ alkylchain) and RE 205-1 (C₂₀ alkyl chain) sold by the company RHONE POULENC(Succeeded by RHODIA CHIMIE);

(3) copolymers formed from vinylpyrrolidone and at least one hydrophobicmonomer comprising at least one fatty chain such as for example:

the products ANTARON V216 and GANEX V216 (vinylpyrrolidone/hexadecenecopolymer) sold by the company I.S.P., and

the products ANTARON V220 and GANEX V220 (vinylpyrrolidone/eicosenecopolymer) sold by the company I.S.P.;

(4) copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl methacrylate and atleast one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain andcopolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl acrylate and at leastone amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain such as forexample the oxyethylenated stearyl acrylate/methyl acrylate copolymersold by the company GOLDSCHMIDT under the name ANTIL 208;

(5) copolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic methacrylate and atleast one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain andcopolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic acrylate and at leastone hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain such as forexample the polyethylene glycol methacrylate/lauryl methacrylatecopolymer;

(6) polyether-polyurethanes comprising in their chain both hydrophilicsequences which are most often of a polyoxyethylenated nature andhydrophobic sequences which may be chains chosen from aliphatic chains,cycloaliphatic chains, and aromatic chains;

(7) polymers comprising an aminoplast ether backbone possessing at leastone fatty chain, such as the compounds PURE THIX provided by the companySUD-CHEMIE.

Nonionic thickening polymers can additionally includepolyether-polyurethanes comprising at least two lipophilic (i.e.,hydrophobic) hydrocarbon chains, comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms,separated by a hydrophilic sequence, it being possible for thehydrocarbon chains to be chosen from pendant chains and chains at theend of a hydrophilic sequence. One embodiment may comprise at least onependant chain. In addition, the polymer may comprise a hydrocarbon chainat at least one end of a hydrophilic sequence.

Representative polyether-polyurethanes useful in the present inventionmay be polyblocks, such as in triblock form. The hydrophobic sequencesmay be at each end of the chain (for example: triblock copolymer withhydrophilic central sequence) and optionally both at the ends and in thechain (polyblock copolymer for example). These same polymers may also bein the form of graft units or may be star-shaped.

The nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least one fatty chainmay be triblock copolymers whose hydrophilic sequence is apolyoxyethylenated chain comprising from 50 to 1000 oxyethylenatedgroups. Certain nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprise a urethanebond between the hydrophilic sequences.

By extension, those whose hydrophilic sequences are linked by otherchemical bonds to the lipophilic sequences are also included among thenonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least one fatty chain.

Representative nonionic polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least onefatty chain include Rhéolate 205 comprising a urea function sold by thecompany RHEOX and Rhéolate 208, 204 and 212, as well as Acrysol RM 184,Aculyn 44 and Aculyn 46 from the company ROHM and HAAS [ACULYN 46 is apolycondensate of polyethylene glycol comprising 150 or 180 mol ofethylene oxide, stearyl alcohol andmethylene-bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (SMDI), at 15% by weight in amaltodextrin (4%) and water (81%) matrix; ACULYN 44 is a polycondensateof polyethylene glycol comprising 150 or 180 mol of ethylene oxide,decyl alcohol and methylenebis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) (SMDI), at 35% byweight in a propylene glycol (39%) and water (26%) mixture].

There may also be mentioned the product ELFACOS T210 comprising aC₁₂-C₁₄ alkyl chain and the product ELFACOS T212 comprising a C₁₈ alkylchain from AKZO.

The product DW 1206B from RHOM & HAAS comprising a C₂₀ alkyl chain andwith a urethane bond, sold at 20% dry matter content in water, may alsobe used.

It is also possible to use solutions and dispersions of these polymersfor example in water and for example in an aqueous-alcoholic medium. Byway of example of such polymers, there may be mentioned Rhéolate 255,Rhéolate 278 and Rhéolate 244 sold by the company RHEOX. It is alsopossible to use the product DW 1206F and DW 1206J provided by thecompany ROHM & HAAS.

Representative polyether-polyurethanes that can be used according to theinvention include polyether-polyurethanes described in the article by G.Fonnum, J. Bakke and Fk. Hansen—Colloid Polym. Sci 271, 380, 389 (1993),the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

(iii) Cationic Thickeners

As used herein, “cationic thickener” refers to polymers chosen frompolymers comprising at least one cationic group and polymers comprisingat least one group which can be ionized to form cationic groups.

Representative cationic thickening polymers comprising at least onefatty chain used in the present invention can be chosen from quaternizedcellulose derivatives and polyacrylates with noncyclic amine-containingside groups.

Such quaternized cellulose derivatives can be chosen from:

quaternized celluloses modified by groups comprising at least one fattychain, such as at least one group chosen from alkyl, arylalkyl andalkylaryl groups comprising at least 8 carbon atoms,

quaternized hydroxyethylcelluloses modified by at least one groupcomprising at least one fatty chain, such as at least one group chosenfrom alkyl, arylalkyl and alkylaryl groups comprising at least 8 carbonatoms.

In one embodiment, said alkyl groups carried by the above quaternizedcelluloses and hydroxyethylcelluloses comprise from 8 to 30 carbon atomsand the aryl groups are chosen from phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl and anthrylgroups.

There may be mentioned as examples of quaternizedalkylhydroxyethylcelluloses comprising at least one C₈-C₃₀ fatty chainthe products QUATRISOFT LM 200, QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-18-A, QUATRISOFTLM-X 529-18B (C₁₂ alkyl) and QUATRISOFT LM-X 529-8 (C₁₈ alkyl) marketedby the company AMERCHOL and the products CRODACEL QM, CRODACEL QL (C₁₂alkyl) and CRODACEL QS (C₁₈ alkyl) marketed by the company CRODA.

Representative polyacrylates with amine-containing side groups,quaternized and otherwise, comprise for example hydrophobic groups ofthe steareth 20 type (polyoxyethylenated stearyl alcohol (20)).

As examples of polyacrylates with amine-containing side groups, theremay be mentioned the polymers 8781-121B or 9492-103 from the companyNATIONAL STARCH.

One embodiment of the oxidation dyeing composition according to theinvention may comprise at least one nonionic thickening polymercomprising at least one fatty chain.

The anionic, nonionic and cationic at least one thickening polymercomprising at least one fatty chain are generally present in an amountranging for example from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the dyeing composition, such as from 0.1% to 5% by weightrelative to the total weight of the dyeing composition.

In one embodiment of the invention, namely within the ready-to-usecomposition, said at least one composition (A) and said at least onecomposition (B) can further comprise at least one polymer chosen fromcationic and amphoteric polymers, such as substantive polymers.

Cationic Polymers

As used herein, “cationic polymer” refers to polymers chosen frompolymers comprising at least one cationic group and polymers comprisingat least one group which can be ionized to form cationic groups.

Representative cationic polymers which may be used in accordance withthe present invention include any of those already known to improve atleast one cosmetic property of hair, such as, for example, thosedescribed in patent application EP-A-0 337 354 and in French patentapplications FR-A-2 270 846, 2 383 660, 2 598 611, 2 470 596 and 2 519863, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

According to the present invention, the at least one cationic polymermay be chosen from polymers comprising at least one unit, wherein saidat least one unit comprises at least one group chosen from primary aminegroups, secondary amine groups, tertiary amine groups and quaternaryamine groups, wherein said at least one group forms part of the polymerskeleton, or is carried by at least one lateral substituent on saidpolymer skeleton.

According to the present invention, the at least one cationic polymerhas a number-average molecular mass generally ranging for example from500 to 5×10⁶, such as from 1×10³ to 3×10⁶.

The at least one cationic polymer may, for example, be chosen frompolymers of quaternary polyammonium type, polymers of polyamino amidetype and polymers of polyamine type. Such types of polymers are known inthe art. They are for example described in French patents Nos. 2, 505,348 and 2, 542, 997, the disclosures of which are incorporated byreference herein.

Non-limiting Examples of Cationic Polymers Include:

(1) homo- and co-polymers derived from at least one monomer chosen fromacrylic esters, methacrylic esters and amides, wherein said homo- andco-polymers comprise at least one unit chosen from units of formulae:

wherein:

R₃, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrogenatoms and CH₃ groups;

A, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from linear andbranched alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as 2 and3 carbon atoms, and hydroxyalkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4 carbonatoms;

R₄, R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromalkyl groups comprising from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as from 1 to 6carbon atoms, and benzyl groups;

R₁ and R₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen atoms and alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms,such as methyl and ethyl;

X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from at least one inorganicacid and anions derived from at least one organic acid, such asmethosulfate anions and halides, such as chlorides and bromides.

Copolymers of family (1) may further comprise at least one unit derivedfrom at least one comonomer chosen from vinyllactams, vinyl esters,acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetone acrylamides, acrylamides andmethacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen with at least one groupchosen from (C₁-C₄) alkyls, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, acrylicesters, and methacrylic esters. Non-limiting examples of vinyllactamsinclude vinylpyrrolidone and vinylcaprolactam.

Non-limiting examples of copolymers of family (1) include:

copolymers derived from at least one monomer of (i) acrylamide and (ii)dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with at least one groupchosen from dimethyl sulfate and dimethyl halide, such as the productsold under the name HERCOFLOC by the company Hercules;

copolymers derived from at least one monomer of (i) acrylamide and (ii)methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium chloride described, for example,in patent application EP-A-080 976, the disclosure of which isincorporated herein by reference, and which is sold under the name BINAQUAT P 100 by the company Ciba Geigy;

copolymers derived from at least one monomer of (i) acrylamide and (ii)methacryloyloxy-ethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, such as, forexample, copolymers sold under the name RETEN by the company Hercules;

quaternized and non-quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkylacrylate copolymers and quaternized and non-quaternizedvinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate copolymers, such as theproducts sold under the name “GAFQUAT” by the company ISP, such as, forexample, “GAFQUAT 734” or “GAFQUAT 755” and the products known as“COPOLYMER 845, 958 and 937”. These polymers are described in detail inFrench patents 2 077 143 and 2 393 573, the disclosures of which areincorporated herein by reference;

dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidoneterpolymers, such as the product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 bythe company ISP;

vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers, such asthe product sold under the name STYLEZE CC 10 by ISP; and

quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamidecopolymers, such as the product sold under the name “GAFQUAT HS 100” bythe company ISP;

(2) cellulose ether derivatives comprising quaternary ammonium groups,such as those described in French patent 1,492,597, the disclosure ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference, and polymers sold under thenames “JR” (JR 400, JR 125 and JR 30M) and “LR” (LR 400, or LR 30M) bythe company Union Carbide Corporation. These polymers are also definedin the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums of hydroxyethylcellulosewhich have reacted with an epoxide substituted with a trimethylammoniumgroup;

(3) cationic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose copolymers andcellulose derivatives grafted with at least one water-soluble monomer ofquaternary ammonium, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,576,the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, such ashydroxyalkylcelluloses (such as, for example, hydroxymethylcelluloses,hydroxyethylcelluloses and hydroxypropylcelluloses, wherein saidhydroxyalkylcelluloses are grafted with at least one salt chosen from,for example, methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium salts,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salts and dimethyldiallylammoniumsalts). For example, commercial products corresponding to theaforementioned cationic cellulose derivatives include the products soldunder the names “CELQUAT L 200” and “CELQUAT H 100” by the companyNational Starch;

(4) cationic polysaccharides, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos.3,589,578 and 4,031,307, the disclosures of which are incorporatedherein by reference, such as guar gums comprising at least one cationictrialkylammonium group. For example, guar gums modified with at leastone salt, such as a chloride salt, of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammoniummay be used in the present invention. Such products are sold inparticular under the trade names JAGUAR C13 S, JAGUAR C 15, JAGUAR C 17and JAGUAR C162 by the company Meyhall;

(5) polymers comprising (i) at least one piperazinyl unit and (ii) atleast one group chosen from divalent alkylene groups and divalenthydroxyalkylene groups, wherein said at least one group optionallycomprises at least one chain chosen from straight chains and branchedchains, wherein said at least one chain is optionally interrupted by atleast one entity chosen from oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, nitrogen atoms,aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings, the oxidation products of saidpolymers and the quaternization products of said polymers. For example,such polymers are described in French patents 2,162,025 and 2,280,361,the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference;

(6) water-soluble polyamino amides which may be prepared by at least onepolycondensation reaction of at least one acidic compound and at leastone polyamine compound, wherein said polyamino amides may be crosslinkedwith at least one crosslinking agent chosen from epihalohydrins,diepoxides, dianhydrides, unsaturated dianhydrides, bis-unsaturatedderivatives, bis-halohydrins, bis-azetidiniums, bis-haloacyidiamines,bis-alkyl halides and oligomers derived from reaction of at least onedifunctional compound with at least one compound chosen frombis-halohydrins, bis-azetidiniums, bis-haloacyldiamines, bis-alkylhalides, epihalohydrins, diepoxides and bis-unsaturated derivatives,wherein said crosslinking agent may be used in a proportion generallyranging from 0.025 mol to 0.35 mol per amine group of said polyaminoamide, wherein said polyamino amides may optionally be alkylated, andwherein if said polyamino amides comprise at least one tertiary aminegroup, said polyamino amides may optionally be quaternized. For example,such polymers are described in French patents 2,252,840 and 2,368,508,the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference;

(7) polyamino amide derivatives derived from condensation of at leastone polyalkylene polyamine with at least one polycarboxylic acid,followed by alkylation with at least one bifunctional agent.Non-limiting examples of such polyamino amide derivatives include adipicacid/dialkylaminohydroxyalkyldialkylenetriamine polymers wherein thealkyl group comprises from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methyl groups,ethyl groups and propyl groups. For example, such polymers are describedin French patent 1,583,363, the disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference.

Other non-limiting examples of such derivatives include the adipicacid/dimethylamino-hydroxypropyl/diethylenetriamine polymers sold underthe name “CARTARETINE F, F4 or F8” by the company Sandoz.

(8) polymers derived from the reaction of (i) at least one polyalkylenepolyamine comprising two primary amine groups and at least one secondaryamine group with (ii) at least one dicarboxylic acid chosen fromdiglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids comprisingfrom 3 to 8 carbon atoms. According to the present invention, the molarratio of the at least one polyalkylene polyamine to the at least onedicarboxylic acid generally ranges from 0.8:1 to 1.4:1. The polyaminoamide resulting from the above reaction may be reacted withepichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to the at least onesecondary amine group of the polyamino amide generally ranging from0.5:1 to 1.8:1. For example, such polymers are described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,227,615 and 2,961,347, the disclosures of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

Polymers of this type are sold in particular under the name “HERCOSETT57” by the company Hercules Inc. and under the name “PD 170” or“DELSETTE 101” by the company Hercules in the case of adipicacid/epoxypropyl/diethylenetriamine copolymers.

(9) cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine and cyclopolymers ofdialkyldiallylammonium, such as homopolymers and copolymers comprising,as a constituent of the chain, at least one unit chosen from units offormulae (VI) and (VI′):

wherein:

k and t, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from 0 and1, with the proviso that the sum of k+t is equal to 1;

R₁₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen from hydrogenatoms and methyl groups;

R10 and R₁₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromalkyl groups comprising from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, such as from 1 to 4carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl groups, such as hydroxy alkyl groups whereinthe alkyl radical comprises from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and C₁-C₄amidoalkyl groups;

R₁₀ and R₁₁, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are commonlybonded, may additionally form at least one heterocyclic group, such aspiperidyl groups and morpholinyl groups;

Y⁻ is an anion, such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate,tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate and phosphate. For example, suchpolymers are described in French patent 2,080,759 and in its Certificateof Addition 2,190,406, the disclosures of which are incorporated hereinby reference.

Non-limiting examples of the polymers defined above include thedimethyldiallyl-ammonium chloride homopolymer sold under the name“MERQUAT 100” by the company Calgon (and its homologues of lowweight-average molecular mass) and copolymers of diallyldimethylammoniumchloride and of acrylamide, sold under the name “MERQUAT 550”.

(10) quaternary diammonium polymers comprising repeating units offormula (VII):

wherein:

R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from aliphatic groups comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms,alicyclic groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, arylaliphaticgroups comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and lower hydroxyalkylgroups; and

additionally at least two of said R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, together withthe nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, may form at least oneheterocycle optionally comprising an additional heteroatom other thannitrogen; and

additionally, R₁₃, R₁₄, R₁₅ and R₁₆, which may be identical ordifferent, may each be chosen from linear and branched C₁-C₆ alkylgroups substituted with at least one group chosen from nitrile groups,ester groups, acyl groups, amide groups and groups chosen from groups offormulae —CO—O—R₁₇—D and —CO—NH—R₁₇—D wherein R₁₇ is chosen fromalkylene groups and D is chosen from quaternary ammonium groups;

A₁ and B₁, which may be identical or different, are each chosen frompolymethylene groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, chosen fromlinear and branched, saturated and unsaturated polymethylene groupswherein said polymethylene groups may optionally comprise, optionallylinked to and optionally intercalated in the main chain, at least oneentity chosen from aromatic rings, oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms, sulfoxidegroups, sulfone groups, disulfide groups, amino groups, alkylaminogroups, hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium groups, ureido groups,amide groups and ester groups; and

X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acids andanions derived from organic acids; and

A₁, R₁₃ and R₁₅ may optionally form, together with the nitrogen atoms towhich they are attached, at least one piperazine ring;

with the proviso that if A₁ is chosen from linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated alkylene groups and linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated hydroxyalkylene groups, B₁ may also be chosenfrom groups of formula:

—(CH₂)_(n)—CO—D—OC—(CH₂)_(n)—

 wherein:

n is a number such that the overall quaternary diammonium polymer has anumber-average molecular mass generally ranging for example from 1000 to100,000;

D is chosen from:

a) glycol residues of formula: —O—Z—O—, wherein Z is chosen from linearand branched hydrocarbon groups and groups chosen from groups offormulae:

—(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—CH₂—CH₂—;

and

—[CH₂—CH(CH₃)—O]_(y)—CH₂—CH(CH₃)—

wherein x and y, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom integers ranging from 1 to 4 (in which case x and y represent adefined and unique degree of polymerization) and any number ranging from1 to 4 (in which case x and y represent an average degree ofpolymerization);

b) bis-secondary diamine residues such as piperazine derivatives;

c) bis-primary diamine residues chosen from residues of formula:—NH—Y—NH—, wherein Y is chosen from linear and branched hydrocarbongroups and residues of formula —CH₂—CH₂—S—S—CH₂—CH₂—; and

d) ureylene groups of formula: —NH—CO—NH—.

In one embodiment, X⁻ is an anion chosen from chloride ions and bromideions. According to the present invention, the quarternary diammoniumpolymers have a number-average molecular mass generally ranging from1000 to 100,000.

For example, polymers of this type are described in French Patent Nos.2,320,330, 2,270,846, 2,316,271, 2,336,434 and 2,413,907 and U.S. Pat.Nos. 2,273,780, 2,375,853, 2,388,614, 2,454,547, 3,206,462, 2,261,002,2,271,378, 3,874,870, 4,001,432, 3,929,990, 3,966,904, 4,005,193,4,025,617, 4,025,627, 4,025,653, 4,026,945 and 4,027,020, thedisclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Further, according to the present invention, polymers comprisingrepeating units of formula (a) may be used:

wherein:

R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and hydroxyalkylgroups comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

n and p, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromintegers ranging from 2 to 20; and

X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acids andanions derived from organic acids.

(11) polyquaternary ammonium polymers comprising repeating units offormula (VIII):

wherein:

p is an integer ranging from 1 to 6,

D is chosen from direct bonds and —(CH₂)_(r)—CO— groups, wherein r is anumber equal to 4 or 7, and

X⁻ is an anion chosen from anions derived from inorganic acids andanions derived from organic acids.

For example, such compounds are described in patent applicationEP-A-122,324, the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein, and may be prepared according to the procedures described in theU.S. Pat. Nos. 4,157,388, 4,390,689, 4,702,906, and 4,719,282, thedisclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Among these, there may be mentioned for example the products “Mirapol A15”, “Mirapol AD1”, “Mirapol AZ1” and Mirapol 175” sold by the companyMiranol.

(12) quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and quaternary polymers ofvinylimidazole, such as, for example, the products sold under the namesLUVIQUAT FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by the company BASF.

(13) polyamines, such as POLYQUART H sold by Henkel under the referencename “POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (15) TALLOW POLYAMINE” in the CTFA dictionary.

(14) crosslinked (meth)acryloyloxy(C₁-C₄)alkyltri(C₁-C₄)alkylammoniumsalt polymers, such as the polymers derived from homopolymerization ofdimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride andpolymers derived from copolymerization, for example, of acrylamide withdimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with a methyl halide (suchas methyl chloride), wherein the homo- or copolymerization is followedby crosslinking with at least one compound comprising olefinicunsaturation, such as methylenebisacrylamide. For example, a crosslinkedacrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer(20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion comprising about 50% byweight of said copolymer in mineral oil may be used. This dispersion issold under the name “SALCARE SC 92” by the company Allied Colloids.Further, a crosslinked methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloridehomopolymer comprising about 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineraloil or in a liquid ester may be used. These dispersions are sold underthe names “SALCARE SC 95” and “SALCARE SC 96” by the company AlliedColloids.

Other cationic polymers which may be used as the at least one cationicpolymer according to the present invention are polyalkyleneimines (suchas polyethyleneimines), polymers comprising at least one vinylpyridineunit, polymers comprising at least one vinylpyridinium unit, condensatesof polyamines, condensates of epichlorohydrin, quaternary polyureylenesand chitin derivatives.

Other embodiments of the invention use cationic polymers chosen from thepolymers of (1), (9), (10), (11) and (14). Specifically, polymers offormulae (W) and (U) can be used:

such as those of which the molecular weight, determined by gelchromatography, ranges from 9500 to 9900;

and in particular those of which the molecular weight, determined by gelchromatography, is approximately 1200.

Generally, the cationic polymers are present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thefinal composition, such as from 0.05% to 5% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the final composition and further such as from 0.01% to3% by weight relative to the total weight of the final composition.

Amphoteric Polymers

The amphoteric polymers which can be used in the present invention canbe chosen from polymers comprising K and M units distributedstatistically in the polymer chain, wherein:

K is a unit derived from a monomer comprising at least one basicnitrogen atom and M is a unit derived from an acid monomer comprising atleast one group chosen from carboxylic groups and sulfonic groups; oralternatively

K and M, which are identical or different, are each groups chosen fromgroups derived from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines and groupsderived from zwitterionic monomers of sulfobetaines; or alternatively

K and M, which are identical or different, are each chosen from polymerscomprising cationic polymer chains comprising at least one amine groupchosen from primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine groups,wherein at least one of the amine groups is substituted with a groupchosen from carboxylic groups and sulphonic groups linked via ahydrocarbon radical; or alternatively

K and M form part of a chain of a polymer with an α,β-dicarboxylicethylene unit wherein one of the carboxylic groups has been caused toreact with a polyamine comprising at least one amine group chosen fromprimary amine groups and secondary amine groups.

Representative of the film forming amphoteric polymers defined abovethat can be used include the following polymers:

(1) The polymers resulting from the copolymerization of a monomerderived from a vinyl compound substituted with a carboxylic group suchas acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and α-chloroacrylicacid, and of a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compoundcomprising at least one basic atom such as dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate and acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide andacrylamide. Such compounds are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,836,537, thedisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. Copolymer ofthe sodium acrylate/acrylamidopropyl-trimethylammonium chloride soldunder the name of “POLYQUART KE 3033” by the company HENKEL can also becited.

The vinyl compound can also be a salt of dialkyldiallylammonium such asdiethyldiallylammonium chloride. The copolymers of acrylic acid and thelatter monomer are proposed under the name “MERQUAT 280”, “MERQUAT 295”and “MERQUAT PLUS 3330” by the company CALGON.

(2) The polymers comprising units derived from:

a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides substituted on thenitrogen by an alkyl radical and methacrylamides substituted on thenitrogen by an alkyl radical,

b) at least one acidic comonomer comprising at least one reactivecarboxylic group, and

c) at least one basic comonomer such as comonomers chosen from esters ofacrylic acid and esters of methacrylic acid, said esters beingsubstituted with at least one amine chosen from primary, secondary,tertiary and quaternary amines, and the product of quaternization ofdimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with a sulfate chosen from dimethylsulfate and diethyl sulfate.

Some embodiments according to the invention utilize N-substitutedacrylamides and methacrylamides comprising (C₂-C₁₂)alkyl groups, such asN-ethylacrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide, N-tert-octylacrylamide,N-octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, and N-dodecylacrylamide, as wellas the corresponding methacrylamides.

The acidic comonomers can be chosen, for example, from acrylic,methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids as well as the(C₁-C₄)alkyl monoesters of entities chosen from maleic anhydride,fumaric anhydride, maleic acid, and fumaric acid.

The basic comonomers can be chosen, for example, from methacrylates ofaminoethyl, butylaminoethyl, N,N′-dimethylaminoethyl, andN-tert-butylaminoethyl.

Additionally, the copolymers having the CTFA name (4^(th) edition, 1991)Octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer such asthe products sold under the name AMPHOMER and LOVOCRYL 47 by the companyNATIONAL STARCH can also be used.

(3) The partially and completely alkylated and crosslinkedpolyaminoamides derived from polyaminoamides of formula:

wherein:

R₂₇ is a divalent group chosen from groups derived from saturateddicarboxylic acids, groups derived from dicarboxylic aromatic acids,groups derived from mono- and dicarbocylic aliphatic acids comprising atleast one ethylenic double bond, groups derived from an ester of(C₁-C₆)alkanols of said acids, and groups derived from the addition ofany one of said aforementioned acids with an amine chosen frombis-primary and bis-secondary amines, and

Z is a divalent group derived from polyalkylene-polyamines chosen frombis-primary, mono- and bis-secondary polyalkylene-polyamines, forexample, Z represents:

a) in an amount ranging from 60 mol % to 100 mol %, the group

wherein x=2 and p=2 or 3, or alternatively x=3 and p=2,

it being understood that group Z of formula a) is derived from acompound chosen from diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine anddipropylenetriamine;

b) in an amount ranging from 0 mol % to 40 mol %, (1) said groups (XI)above in which x=2 and p=1 and which said group is derived from acompound chosen from ethylenediamine, and (2) groups derived frompiperazine:

c) in an amount ranging from 0 mol % to 20 mol %, thepolyalkylene-polyamine group —NH—(CH₂)₆—NH—, which is derived fromhexamethylenediamine, wherein said polyalkylene-polyamine group iscrosslinked by adding a bifunctional crosslinking agent (chosen from theepihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, and bis-unsaturatedderivatives) present in an amount ranging from 0.025 mol to 0.35 mol ofcrosslinking agent per amine group of the polyamino amide and alkylatedby the action of at least one compound chosen from acrylic acid,chloroacetic acid, alkanesultones, and salts thereof.

The saturated dicarboxylic acids are for example chosen from saturated(C₆-C₁₀) dicarboxylic acids such as adipic, 2,2,4-trimethyladipic and2,4,4-trimethyladipic acid.

Representative dicarboxylic aromatic acids include for example (C₆-C₁₀)dicarboxylic aromatic acids, such as terephthalic acid. Andrepresentative mono- and dicarboxylic aliphatic acids comprising atleast one ethylenic double bond include for example acrylic, methacrylicand itaconic acids.

The alkanesultones used in the alkylation can, for example, be chosenfrom propanesultone and butanesultone, and the salts of the alkylatingagents can be chosen from sodium and potassium salts of said alkylatingagents.

(4) The polymers comprising zwitterionic units of formula:

wherein:

R₂₈ is chosen from polymerizable unsaturated groups such as acrylate,methacrylate, acrylamide and methacrylamide groups,

y and z, which can be identical or different, are each chosen fromintegers ranging from 1 to 3,

R₂₉ and R₃₀, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen, and methyl, ethyl and propyl groups,

R₃₁ and R₃₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen and alkyl groups, provided that the sum of the carbon atoms inR₃₁ and R₃₂ does not exceed 10.

The polymers comprising such units may also comprise units derived fromnonzwitterionic monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl acrylate,dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate,diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates,alkyl acrylamides, alkyl methacrylamides, and vinyl acetate. By way ofexample, there may be mentioned the copolymer of methylmethacrylate/methyl dimethylcarboxymethylammonioethyl methacrylate suchas the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

(5) The polymers derived from chitosan comprising at least one monomericunit chosen from formulae (D), (E) and (F), which are described forexample in U.S. Pat. No. 4,996,059, the disclosure of which is hereinincorporated by reference:

wherein said unit (D) is present in an amount ranging for example from0% to 30%, by weight relative to the total weight of said polymer, saidunit (E) is present in an amount ranging for example from 5% to 50% byweight relative to the total weight of said polymer, and said unit (F)is present in an amount ranging for example from 30% to 90% by weightrelative to the total weight of said polymer,

and wherein in said unit (F), R₃₃ is chosen from groups of formula:

wherein:

q is equal to 0 or 1, and (i) when q is equal to 0, R₃₄, R₃₅ and R₃₆,which may be identical or different, are each chosen from:

hydrogen,

methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy, and amino groups,

monoalkylamine and dialkylamine groups optionally interrupted by atleast one nitrogen atom and/or optionally substituted with at least onegroup chosen from amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkylthio and sulfonicgroups, and

alkylthio groups wherein said alkyl portion of said alkylthio groupcarries an amino group,

provided that at least one of said R₃₄, R₃₅ and R₃₆ groups is chosenfrom hydrogen; and

(ii) when q is equal to 1, R₃₄, R₃₅ and R₃₆, which may be identical ordifferent, are each chosen from hydrogen,

and the salts formed by these polymers (5) with bases, and the saltsformed by these polymers (5) with acids.

(6) The polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosan suchas N-carboxymethyl chitosan and N-carboxybutyl chitosan sold under thename “EVALSAN” by the company JAN DEKKER.

(7) The polymers of formula (XI), which are described for example inFrench Patent 1 400366, the disclosure of which is incorporated byreference herein:

wherein:

r is chosen such that the number-average molecular weight of saidpolymer ranges from 500 to 6,000,000, such as from 1000 to 1,000,000.

R₃₇ is chosen from hydrogen and CH₃O, CH₃CH₂O, and phenyl groups,

R₃₈ and R₃₉, which are identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen and lower alkyl groups such as methyl and ethyl,

R₄₀ is chosen from lower alkyl groups such as methyl and ethyl andgroups of formula: —R₄₁—N(R₃₉)₂, comprising up to 6 carbon atoms,wherein R₃, is as defined above and R₄₁ is defined below,

R₄₁ is chosen from —CH₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—CH₂—, and —CH₂—CH(CH₃)—.

(8) Amphoteric polymers of the —D—X—D—X— type, which are described forexample in U.S. Pat. No. 4,996,059, the disclosure of which is hereinincorporated by reference, chosen from:

a) polymers derived from reaction of chloroacetic acid or sodiumchloroacetate with at least one compound comprising at least one unit offormula (XII):

—D—X—D—X—D—  (XII)

wherein D is a group:

 and X is chosen from the symbols E and E′, wherein E and E′, which areidentical or different, are each chosen from bivalent groups chosen fromalkylene groups comprising at least one chain chosen from linear andbranched chains comprising up to 7 carbon atoms in the principal chain,wherein said principal chain is optionally substituted with at least onehydroxyl group, and wherein said alkylene groups optionally comprise atleast one atom chosen from oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms and sulfuratoms, wherein said at least one optional atom is present in the form ofat least one group chosen from ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone,sulfonium, alkylamine and alkenylamine groups, and hydroxyl,benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide, alcohol,ester and urethane groups, and wherein said alkylene groups optionallycomprise 1 to 3 rings chosen from aromatic rings and heterocyclic rings,

b) polymers of formula:

—D—X—D—X—  (XIII)

wherein:

D is a group:

X is chosen from the symbols E and E′ and wherein at least one X ischosen from E′,

E is chosen from bivalent groups chosen from alkylene groups comprisingat least one chain chosen from linear and branched chains comprising upto 7 carbon atoms in the principal chain, wherein said principal chainis optionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, and whereinsaid alkylene groups optionally comprise at least one atom chosen fromoxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, and sulfur atoms, wherein said at leastone optional atom is present in the form of at least one group chosenfrom ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamine andalkenylamine groups, and hydroxyl, benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternaryammonium, amide, imide, alcohol, ester and urethane groups, and whereinsaid alkylene groups optionally comprise 1 to 3 rings chosen fromaromatic rings and heterocyclic rings, and

E′ is a bivalent group chosen from alkylene groups comprising at leastone chain chosen from linear and branched chains comprising up to 7carbon atoms in the principal chain, wherein said principal chain isoptionally substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, and whereinsaid alkylene groups comprise at least one nitrogen atom substitutedwith an alkyl chain, wherein said alkyl chain is optionally interruptedby an oxygen atom and, wherein said alkyl chain comprises at least onefunctional group chosen from carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups,and wherein said at least one alkyl chain is betainized by reaction witha reactant chosen from chloroacetic acid and sodium chloroacetate.

(9) The copolymers (C₁-C₅)alkyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride partiallymodified by semiamidation with an N,N-dialkylaminoalkylamine such asN,N-dimethylaminopropylamine or by semiesterification with anN,N-dialkanolamine. These copolymers may also comprise other vinylcomonomers such as vinylcaprolactam.

The amphoteric polymers of family (1) are utilized in certainembodiments of the invention.

According to the invention, the at least one polymer chosen fromcationic and amphoteric polymers may be present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as from 0.05% to 5% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition, and further such as from 0.1% to 3% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.

Surfactants

The ready-to-use composition according to the invention can comprise atleast one additional surfactant, which is present in at least one ofsaid at least one dyeing composition (A), said at least one oxidizingcomposition (B), and said at least one dyeing composition (A) and saidat least one oxidizing composition (B).

The at least one additional surfactant may be chosen from anionic,amphoteric, nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants.

Representative choices for the at least one additional surfactantinclude the following:

(i) Anionic Surfactant(s):

Representative anionic surfactants include salts (for example alkalinesalts, such as sodium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, amino alcoholsalts and magnesium salts) of the following compounds: alkyl sulfates,alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamidoether sulfates, alkylarylpolyethersulfates, monoglyceride sulfates; alkyl sulfonates, alkyl phosphates,alkylamide sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, a-olefin sulfonates,paraffin sulfonates; alkyl(C₆-C₂₄) sulfosuccinates, alkyl(C₆-C₂₄) ethersulfosuccinates, alkyl(C₆-C₂₄)amide sulfosuccinates,alkylsulfosuccinamates alkyl(C₁-C₂₄) sulfoacetates, acyl(C₆-C₂₄)sarcosinates, acyl(C₆-C₂₄) glutamates, acyl isethionates,N-acyltaurates, and alkyl(C₆-C₂₄)polyglycoside carboxylic esters such asalkylglucoside citrates, alkylpolyglycoside tartrate, alkylpolyglycosidesulfosuccinates, and alkyl sulfosuccinamates. The alkyl and acylradicals of all of these various compounds can for example comprise from12 to 20 carbon atoms, and the aryl radicals can for example be chosenfrom phenyl and benzyl groups.

For example, anionic surfactants can be chosen from fatty acid saltssuch as the salts of oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearicacid, the acids of copra oil and the acids of hydrogenated copra oil,and acyl lactylates in which the acyl radical comprises from 8 to 20carbon atoms. At least one weakly anionic surfactant can also be used,such as alkyl-D-galactosideuronic acids and their salts, as well aspolyoxyalkylenated carboxylic (C₆-C₂₄)alkyl ether acids,polyoxyalkylenated carboxylic (C₆-C₂₄)alkylaryl ether acids,polyoxyalkylenated carboxylic (C₆-C₂₄)alkyl amidoether acids and theirsalts, for example, those comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups.

(ii) Nonionic Surfactant(s):

Useful nonionic surfactants include compounds that are well known per se(see for example in this respect “Handbook of Surfactants” by M. R.Porter, published by Blackie & Son (Glasgow and London), 1991, pp.116-178), the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.Thus, nonionic surfactants can include alcohols, α-diols, andpolyethoxylated alkylphenols and polypropoxylated alkylphenolscomprising at least one fatty chain comprising for example from 8 to 18carbon atoms, wherein the number of ethylene oxide and propylene oxidegroups can range for example from 2 to 50. Additionally, copolymers ofethylene oxide, copolymers of propylene oxide, condensates of ethyleneoxide with fatty alcohols, condensates of propylene oxide with fattyalcohols, polyethoxylated fatty amides, such as those comprising from 2to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, polyglycerolated fatty amides on averagecomprising 1 to 5 glycerol groups, such as from 1.5 to 4,polyethoxylated fatty amines comprising for example from 2 to 30 mol ofethylene oxide, oxyethylenated fatty acid esters of sorbitan comprisingfrom 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide, fatty acid esters of sucrose, fattyacid esters of polyethylene glycol, alkylpolyglycosides,N-alkylglucamine derivatives, amine oxides, such as the oxides of(C₁₀-C₁₄) alkylamines, and N-acylaminopropylmorpholine oxides can alsobe used. It will be noted that the alkylpolyglycosides are nonionicsurfactants that can be suitable in the context of the presentinvention.

(iii) Amphoteric or Zwitterionic Surfactant(s):

Representative amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants can be chosenfrom aliphatic secondary and tertiary amine derivatives in which thealiphatic radical is chosen from linear and branched chain radicalscomprising 8 to 18 carbon atoms and comprising at least onewater-soluble anionic group (chosen for example from carboxylate,sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate and phosphonate); mention may also be madeof (C₈-C₂₀)alkylbetaines, sulfobetaines,(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₁-C₆)alkylbetaines and(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₁-C₆)alkylsulfobetaines. Representative aminederivatives include the products sold under the name MIRANOL, asdescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,528,378 and 2,781,354, the disclosures ofwhich are incorporated by reference herein, and classified in the CTFAdictionary, 3^(rd) edition, 1982, under the names Amphocarboxyglycinatesand Amphocarboxypropionates, having the respective structures:

R₂—CONHCH₂CH₂—N⁺(R₃)(R₄)(CH₂COO—)  (2)

in which:

R₂ is chosen from alkyl groups derived from an acid R₂—COOH present inhydrolysed copra oil, and heptyl, nonyl and undecyl radicals,

R₃ is a beta-hydroxyethyl group, and- R₄ is a carboxymethyl group; and

R₅—CONHCH₂CH₂—N(B)(C)  (3)

in which:

(B) is —CH₂CH₂OX′, wherein X′ is an entity chosen from a —CH₂CH₂—COOHgroup and a hydrogen atom,

(C) is —(CH₂)_(z)—Y′, wherein z=1 or 2, and wherein Y′ is an entitychosen from —COOH and —CH₂—CHOH—SO₃H groups,

R₅ is chosen from alkyl groups, such as (a) alkyl groups of an acidR₅—COOH present in oils chosen from copra oil and hydrolysed linseedoil, (b) alkyl groups, such as C₇, C₉, C₁₁ and C₁₃ alkyl groups, and (c)C₁₇ alkyl groups and the iso forms, and unsaturated C₁₇ groups.

Such representative compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5thedition, 1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodiumlauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodiumcapryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodiumlauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodiumcapryloamphodipropionate, lauroamphodipropionic acid, andcocoamphodipropionic acid. By way of example, mention may be made of thecocoamphodiacetate sold under the trade name MIRANOL C2M Concentrate bythe company RHODIA CHIMIE.

(iv) Cationic Surfactants:

Representative cationic surfactants include salts of optionallypolyoxyalkylenated primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines;quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraalkylammonium,alkylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium, trialkylbenzylammonium, andtrialkylhydroxyalkylammonium, alkylpyridinium chlorides, alkylpyridiniumbromides, imidazoline derivatives; and amine oxides of cationic nature.

In one embodiment, in the ready-to-use composition according to theinvention, the dyeing composition (A) comprises at least one nonionicsurfactant.

The at least one additional surfactant may be present in the compositionaccording to the invention generally in an amount ranging for examplefrom 0.01% to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as from 0.1% to 30% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

The ready-to-use composition according to the present invention mayeventually comprise, in composition (A), composition (B), or bothcompositions (A) and (B), at least one other agent for adjustment ofrheology, such as agents chosen from cellulose thickeners (for example,hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, andcarboxymethylcellulose), guar gum and its derivatives (for example,hydroxypropylguar), gums of microbial origin (for example, xanthan gumand scleroglucan gum), and synthetic thickeners (for example,crosslinked homopolymers of acrylic acid and crosslinked homopolymers ofacrylamidopropanesulfonic acid.

Generally, these thickeners may be present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.

The medium of the composition appropriate for dyeing can be an aqueousmedium, optionally comprising at least one cosmetically acceptableorganic solvent.

Representative organic solvents may be chosen from alcohols, such asethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethylalcohol. The organic solvents may also be chosen from glycols (forexample, ethyleneglycol, propyleneglycol, butyleneglycol,dipropyleneglycol, and diethyleneglycol) and ethers of glycols (forexample, monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethyleneglycoland for example monomethyl ether of propyleneglycol and alkyl ethers ofdiethyleneglycol glycol, such as, for example, monoethylether andmonobutylether of diethyleneglycol).

The organic solvents are generally present in an amount ranging forexample from 0.5% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, such as from 2% to 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention may further comprise aneffective quantity of other agents. For example, agents that are alreadyknown for oxidation coloration, such as various ordinary adjuvantsincluding sequesterizers such as EDTA and etidronic acid, UV-screeningagents, waxes, volatile and nonvolatile, cyclic and non-cyclic, linearand branched, organomodified (such as by amine groups) silicones,preservatives, ceramides, pseudoceramides, vegetable, mineral andsynthetic oils, vitamins and provitamins such as panthenol, andopacifiers, may be included.

The composition can also comprise at least one agent chosen fromreducing agents and antioxidants. Representative additional agents mayinclude sodium sulfite, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, sodiumbisulfite, dehydroascorbic acid, hydroquinone, 2-methylhydroquinone,tert-butylhydroquinone and homogentisic acid. Generally, such agents maybe present in the an amount ranging for example from 0.05% to 3.0% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition, such as from0.05% to 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise at leastone fatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms. Representativefatty alcohols comprising at most twenty carbon atoms that may be usedinclude lauryl, cetyl, stearyl and oleyl alcohols. These additionalfatty alcohols may be present in an amount ranging for example from0.001% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

One skilled in the art should take care to select said optionallycomplementary compounds, such that the advantageous propertiesintrinsically associated with the dye composition according to theinvention are not, or are not substantially, adversely affected by theadditions envisaged.

In the composition ready-to-use composition, said at least onecomposition (B) may comprise at least one oxidizing agent chosen, forexample, from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromatesand ferricyanides, and persalts such as perborates and persulfates. Morespecifically, hydrogen peroxide may be used. This oxidizing agent isadvantageously constituted by an oxygenated aqueous solution of whichthe titre may range from 1 to 40 in volume, such as from 5 to 40.

As an oxidizing agent, at least one oxidation-reduction enzyme such aslaccases, peroxydases and 2-electron oxydoreductases (such as uricase),if necessary in the presence of their respective donor or cofactor, mayalso be used.

The pH of the dyeing composition (A) or of the ready-to-use compositionapplied to the keratin fibers [composition resulting from including atleast one the dye composition (A) and the oxidizing composition (B)],generally ranges from 4 to 12, such as from 6 to 11, and may be adjustedto the desired value by means of at least one agent chosen fromacidifying and basifying agents well-known in the art of dyeing keratinfibers.

Representative basifying agents include aqueous ammonia, alkali metalcarbonates, alkanolamines such as mono-, di- and triethanolamines andderivatives thereof, hydroxyalkylamines and oxyethylenated andoxypropylenated ethylenediamines, sodium and potassium hydroxide andcompounds of formula (XIV):

wherein:

R is a propylene residue optionally substituted with a group chosen fromhydroxyl and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups;

R₄₂, R₄₃, R₄₄ and R₄₅, which may be identical or different, are eachchosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups and C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl groups.

Representative acidifying agents include, classically, by way ofexample, organic and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid,orthophosphoric acid, and carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, citricacid, lactic acid and sulfonic acids.

One dyeing method according to the invention comprises applying on dryor wet keratin fibers, such as human keratin fibers like hair, at leastone ready-to-use cosmetic composition, prepared at the time of use fromat least one compositions (A) and at least one composition (B), leavingsaid at least one ready-to-use composition on said keratin fibers for atime ranging from 1 to 60 minutes, such as from 10 to 45 minutes,rinsing said keratin fibers, optionally shampooing said keratin fibers,rinsing said keratin fibers after said optional shampooing, and dryingsaid keratin fibers, wherein said at least one ready-to-use cosmeticcomposition comprises, in a dyeing medium:

(1) at least one oxidation dye,

(2) at least one oxidizing agent,

(3) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms,

(4) optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms,

(5) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greaterthan 5, and

(6) optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with anHLB at most equal to 5,

provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion suchthat the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most 1:1.

Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities ofingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions,and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understoodas being modified in all instances by the term “about.” Accordingly,unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth inthe following specification and attached claims are approximations thatmay vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained bythe present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limitthe application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of theclaims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in lightof the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinaryrounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges andparameters setting forth the broad scope of the invention areapproximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examplesare reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical value, however,inherently contain certain errors necessarily resulting from thestandard deviation found in their respective testing measurements.

Concrete examples illustrating the invention are indicated below withouthowever exhibiting a limiting character.

EXAMPLE

The following compositions were prepared:

Oxidizing Composition:

Fatty alcohol 2.3 g Oxyethylenated fatty alcohol 0.6 g Fatty amide 0.9 gGlycerin 0.5 g Hydrogen peroxide 7.5 g Perfume qs Demineralized water qs100 g

Dyeing Composition:

(expressed in grams)

Mixture of C18 to C24 linear alcohols [C18/C20/C22/C24, 3 7/58/30/6](NAFOL 20-22) Mixture of oxyethylenated C18 to C24 linear alcohols 1.35[C18/C20/C22/C24, 7/58/30/6] 30 EO (NAFOLOX 20-22 30EO) Oxyethylenatedstearyl alcohol 2 EO 4 Oxyethylenated stearyl alcohol 21 EO 2 Oleic acid2.6 Glycol distearate 2 Propylene glycol 5 Monoisopropanolamide of copraacids 2 Aculyn 44 sold by the company ROHM & HAAS 1.4 AS* Crosslinkedpolyacrylic acid 0.6 Cationic polymer of formula (W) 3 AS* Merquat 100sold by the company CALGON 0.4 AS* Reducing agents 0.7 Seqestrants 0.21,3-Dihydroxybenzene (resorcinol) 0.6 1,4-Diaminobenzene 0.51-Hydroxy-3-aminobenzene 0.1 1-Hydroxy-2-aminobenzene 0.051-Hydroxy-4-aminobenzene 0.09 6-Hydroxybenzomorpholine 0.0171-β-Hydroxyethyloxy-2,4-diaminobenzene, dihydrochloride 0.039 Propyleneglycol monobutyl ether 2.5 Pure monoethanolamine 1.06 Aqueous ammonia(containing 20.5% of ammonia) 11.1 Water qs 100 AS* = Active Substance

The dyeing composition was mixed, at the time of use, in a plastic bowland for 2 minutes, with the oxidizing composition given above, in anamount of 1 part of dyeing composition per 1.5 parts of oxidizingcomposition. The mixture obtained was applied to locks of natural greyhair which is 90% white and allowed to act for 30 minutes. The lockswere then rinsed with water, they were washed with shampoo and againrinsed with water, and then dried and disentangled. The hair was thendyed in an intense light chestnut brown shade.

What is claimed is:
 1. A composition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibrescomprising, in a cosmetically acceptable dyeing medium: (1) at least oneoxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising more thantwenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at mostequal to 1:1.
 2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein saidkeratin fibers are chosen from human keratin fibers.
 3. A compositionaccording to claim 2, wherein said human keratin fibers are chosen fromhuman hair.
 4. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at leastone fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms is chosenfrom behenyl alcohol and erucyl alcohol.
 5. A composition according toclaim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more thantwenty carbon atoms is a mixture of fatty alcohols comprising at least30% by weight of at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twentycarbon atoms.
 6. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said atleast one fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms ispresent in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 30% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the composition.
 7. A composition according to claim 6,wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprising more than twentycarbon atoms is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 20% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 8. A compositionaccording to claim 7, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprisingmore than twenty carbon atoms is present in an amount ranging from 0.1%to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 9. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms is present in an amountranging up to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 10. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said atleast one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB of greater than5 is chosen from: oxyethylenated alkylphenols comprising more than 2 molof EO, EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio in numerical terms is lessthan 0.71:1, oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising more than 5 mol ofEO, oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising more than 2 mol of EO,esters of fatty acids and of polyethylene glycols, andpolyoxyethylenated esters of fatty acids and of sorbitol.
 11. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5 is presentin an amount ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight relative the totalweight of the composition.
 12. A composition according to claim 11,wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLBgreater than 5 is present in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 25% byweight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 13. Acomposition according to claim 12, wherein said at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5 is presentin an amount ranging from 1% to 20% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 14. A composition according to claim 1,wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5 is chosen from: oxyethylenated alkylphenolscomprising at most 2 mol of EO, EO/PO condensates whose PO/EO ratio isgreater than 0.71:1, oxyethylenated vegetable oils comprising at most 5mol of EO, and oxyethylenated fatty alcohols comprising at most 2 mol ofEO.
 15. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 ispresent in an amount ranging from greater than 0% to 30% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 16. A compositionaccording to claim 15, wherein said at least one oxyalkylenated nonionicsurfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5 is present in an amountranging from greater than 0% to 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 17. A composition according to claim 1,wherein said at least one oxidation dye is chosen from oxidation bases,oxidation couplers, and their acid addition salts.
 18. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said at least one oxidation dye is chosenfrom oxidation bases.
 19. A composition according to claim 18, whereinsaid oxidation bases are chosen from ortho- and para-phenylenediamines,double bases, ortho- and para-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases, and acidaddition salts of any of the foregoing.
 20. A composition according toclaim 19, wherein said para-phenylenediamines are chosen from compoundsof formula (I):

wherein: R₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, phenyl groups, 4′-aminophenyl groups,and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups substituted with at least one group chosen fromnitrogen-containing groups, R₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁-C₄ alkylgroups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groupssubstituted with a nitrogen-containing group; R₁ and R₂ may also form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, a 5- or6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle ring, optionally substitutedwith at least one group chosen from alkyl groups, hydroxyl groups andureido groups; R₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,sulfo groups, carboxyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups,hydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyoxy) groups, acetylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups,mesylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy) groups, and carbamoylamino(C₁-C₄ alkoxy)groups; and R₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, and C₁-C₄ alkylgroups.
 21. A composition according to claim 20, wherein said R₃ ischlorine.
 22. A composition according to claim 19, wherein said doublebases are chosen from compounds of formula (II):

wherein: Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosenfrom hydroxyl groups, and —NH₂ groups, optionally substituted with agroup chosen from C₁-C₄ alkyl groups, and linkers Y; linker Y is chosenfrom linear and branched, divalent alkylene groups comprising from 1 to14 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by, or optionally terminatingwith, at least one entity chosen from nitrogen-containing groups andheteroatoms, and optionally substituted with at least one group chosenfrom hydroxyl groups, and C₁-C₆ alkoxy groups; R₅ and R₆, which may beidentical or different, are each chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄alkyl groups, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl)groups, amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and linkers Y; and R₇, R₈, R₉, R10,R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, are each chosen fromhydrogen, linkers Y, and C₁-C₄ alkyl groups; provided that saidcompounds of formula (II) comprise only one linker Y per molecule.
 23. Acomposition according to claim 22, wherein said heteroatoms are chosenfrom oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen.
 24. A composition according to claim20, wherein said nitrogen-containing groups are chosen from amino,mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, (C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium and ammonium radicals.
 25. Acomposition according to claim 22, wherein said nitrogen-containinggroups are chosen from amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,(C₁-C₄)dialkylamino, (C₁-C₄)trialkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,imidazolinium and ammonium radicals.
 26. A composition according toclaim 19, wherein said para-aminophenols are chosen from compounds offormula (III):

wherein: R₁₃ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups,amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl), and hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups;R₁₄ is chosen from hydrogen, halogens, C₁-C₄ alkyl groups,monohydroxy(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, polyhydroxy(C₂-C₄ alkyl) groups,amino(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, cyano(C₁-C₄ alkyl) groups, and(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl groups.
 27. A composition according to claim26, wherein said halogens are fluorine.
 28. A composition according toclaim 19, wherein said heterocyclic bases are chosen from pyridinederivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives, andpyrazole derivatives.
 29. A composition according to claim 18, whereinsaid oxidation bases are present in an amount ranging from 0.0005% to12% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 30. Acomposition according to claim 17, wherein said oxidation couplers arechosen from meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols,heterocyclic couplers, and their acid addition salts.
 31. A compositionaccording to claim 17, wherein said oxidation couplers are present in anamount ranging from 0.0001% to 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 32. A composition according to claim 17,wherein said acid addition salts are chosen from hydrochlorides,hydrobromides, sulfates, tartrates, lactates, and acetates.
 33. Acomposition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one directdye.
 34. A composition according to claim 1, further comprising at leastone thickening polymer comprising at least one fatty chain.
 35. Acomposition according to claim 34, wherein said at least one thickeningpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from anionicthickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain, nonionicthickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain, and cationicthickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain.
 36. Acomposition according to claim 35, wherein said anionic thickeningpolymers comprising at least one fatty chain comprises at least onehydrophilic unit and at least one allyl ether unit comprising a fattychain.
 37. A composition according to claim 36, wherein said at leastone hydrophilic unit is chosen from ethylenic unsaturated anionicmonomeric residues.
 38. A composition according to claim 37, whereinsaid ethylenic unsaturated anionic monomeric residues are chosen fromresidues of vinylcarboxylic acid.
 39. A composition according to claim36, wherein said at least one allyl ether unit comprising at least onefatty chain is chosen from monomeric residues formed from monomers offormula (I): CH₂═C—R′—CH₂—O—B_(n)—R  (I) in which R′ is chosen from Hand CH₃, B is an ethyleneoxy group, n is chosen from zero and integersranging from 1 to 100, R is a hydrocarbon group comprising from 8 to 30carbon atoms chosen from alkyl, arylalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl andcycloalkyl groups.
 40. A composition according to claim 39, wherein saidhydrocarbon group comprises from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
 41. Acomposition according to claim 40, wherein said hydrocarbon groupcomprises from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
 42. A composition according toclaim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at leastone fatty chain comprise at least one hydrophilic unit of the olefinicunsaturated carboxylic acid type and at least one hydrophobic unit ofthe (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl ester of unsaturated carboxylic acid type.
 43. Acomposition according to claim 42, wherein said at least one hydrophilicunit of the olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid type is chosen frommonomeric residues formed from monomers of formula (II):

wherein R₁ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, and wherein said at leastone hydrophobic unit of the (C₁₀-C₃₀)alkyl ester of unsaturatedcarboxylic acid type is chosen from monomeric residues formed frommonomers of formula (III):

wherein R₂ is chosen from H, CH₃, and C₂H₅, and R₃ is chosen fromC₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl groups.
 44. A composition according to claim 43, whereinsaid R₃ is chosen from C₁₂-C₂₂ alkyl groups.
 45. A composition accordingto claim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising atleast one fatty chain are chosen from terpolymers of maleicanhydride/C₃₀-C₃₈ α-olefin/alkyl maleate.
 46. A composition according toclaim 35, wherein said anionic thickening polymers comprising at leastone fatty chain are chosen from acrylic terpolymers comprising: (a) acarboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation (b) a nonsurfactantmonomer with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation different from (a); and (c)a nonionic monourethane which is the product of the reaction of amonohydric surfactant with a monoisocyanate with monoethylenicunsaturation.
 47. A composition according to claim 35, wherein saidanionic thickening polymers comprising at least one fatty chain arechosen from copolymers formed from at least two monomers, wherein atleast one of said at least two monomers is chosen from a carboxylic acidwith α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, an ester of a carboxylic acid withα,β-monoethylenic unsaturation, and an oxyalkylenated fatty alcohol. 48.A composition according to claim 35, wherein said nonionic thickeningpolymer comprising at least one fatty chain is chosen from: (1)celluloses modified by at least one group comprising at least one fattychain; (2) hydroxypropylguars modified by at least one group comprisingat least one fatty chain; (3) copolymers formed from vinylpyrrolidoneand at least one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fattychain; (4) copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl methacrylateand at least one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chainand copolymers formed from at least one C₁-C₆ alkyl acrylate and atleast one amphiphilic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain; (5)copolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic methacrylate and atleast one hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain andcopolymers formed from at least one hydrophilic acrylate and at leastone hydrophobic monomer comprising at least one fatty chain; (6)polyether-polyurethanes comprising in their chain both hydrophilicsequences and hydrophobic sequences; and (7) polymers comprising anaminoplast ether backbone possessing at least one fatty chain.
 49. Acomposition according to claim 35, wherein said nonionic thickeningpolymers are chosen from polyether-polyurethanes comprising at least twolipophilic hydrocarbon chains, comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms,separated by a hydrophilic sequence, wherein said hydrocarbon chains arechosen from pendant chains and chains at the end of a hydrophilicsequence.
 50. A composition according to claim 48, wherein said nonionicthickening polymers are chosen from polyether-polyurethanes comprising apolyblock sequence.
 51. A composition according to claim 50, whereinsaid polyether-polyurethanes are in tri-block form.
 52. A compositionaccording to claim 35, wherein said cationic thickening polymerscomprising at least one fatty chain are chosen from quaternizedcellulose derivatives and polyacrylates comprising noncyclicamine-containing side groups.
 53. A composition according to claim 34,wherein said at least one thickening polymer comprising at least onefatty chain is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 54. A compositionaccording to claim 53, wherein said at least one thickening polymercomprising at least one fatty chain is present in an amount ranging from0.1% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.55. A composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least onereducing agent.
 56. A composition according to claim 55, wherein said atleast one reducing agent is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 57. Aready-to-use cosmetic composition for oxidation dyeing keratin fibers,wherein said ready-to-use cosmetic composition is obtained by includingat least one composition (A) in a dyeing medium, comprising: (1) atleast one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprising morethan twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least one fattyalcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at mostequal to 1:1, with at least one composition (B) comprising at least oneoxidizing agent.
 58. A composition according to claim 57, wherein saidat least one oxidizing agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide, ureaperoxide, alkali metal bromates, alkali metal ferricyanides, persalts,and oxidation-reduction enzymes.
 59. A composition according to claim58, wherein said oxidation-reduction enzymes are chosen from laccases,peroxidases, and oxidoreductases comprising 2 electrons.
 60. Acomposition according to claim 58, wherein said at least one oxidizingagent is hydrogen peroxide.
 61. A composition according to claim 60,wherein said hydrogen peroxide is present in an oxygenated watersolution comprising a titre ranging from 1 to 40 in volume.
 62. Acomposition according to claim 1, wherein said composition possesses apH ranging from 4 to
 12. 63. A composition according to claim 57,wherein said keratin fibers are chosen from human keratin fibers.
 64. Acomposition according to claim 56, wherein said human keratin fibers arechosen from human hair.
 65. A composition according to claim 57, furthercomprising at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers andamphoteric polymers, wherein said at least one polymer is present insaid at least one composition (A), in said at least one composition (B),or in said at least one composition (A) and said at least onecomposition (B).
 66. A composition according to claim 65, wherein saidat least one polymer is chosen from cationic polymers chosen fromquaternary polyammoniums comprising recurring units of formula (W):


67. A composition according to claim 65, wherein said at least onepolymer is chosen from cationic polymers chosen from quaternarypolyammoniums comprising recurring units of formula (U):


68. A composition according to claim 65, wherein said at least onepolymer is chosen from amphoteric polymers chosen from copolymerscomprising at least one monomeric residue chosen from acrylic acidresidue and a residue of a salt of dimethyldiallylammonium.
 69. Acomposition according to claim 65, wherein said at least one polymerchosen from cationic polymers and amphoteric polymers is present in anamount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weightof the composition.
 70. A composition according to claim 69, whereinsaid at least one polymer chosen from cationic polymers and amphotericpolymers is present in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 5% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 71. A compositionaccording to claim 70, wherein said at least one polymer chosen fromcationic polymers and amphoteric polymers is present in an amountranging from 0.1% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 72. A composition according to claim 57 further comprisingat least one additional surfactant chosen from anionic, cationic,nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, wherein said at least oneadditional surfactant is present in said at least one composition (A),in said at least one composition (B), or in said at least onecomposition (A) and said at least one composition (B).
 73. A compositionaccording to claim 72, characterized in that said at least oneadditional surfactant is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 40%by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
 74. Acomposition according to claim 73, wherein said at least one additionalsurfactant is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 75. A compositionaccording to claim 57 further comprising at least one thickening agentchosen from cellulose derivatives, guar derivatives, gums of microbialorigin, and synthetic thickeners which do not possess a fatty chain,wherein said at least one thickening agent is present in said at leastone composition (A), in said at least one composition (B), or in said atleast one composition (A) and said at least one composition (B).
 76. Acomposition according to claim 75, wherein said at least one thickeningagent is present in an amount ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition.
 77. A method foroxidation dyeing keratin fibers comprising: (a) applying to said keratinfibers at least one composition (A) comprising, in a dyeing medium: (1)at least one oxidation dye, (2) at least one fatty alcohol comprisingmore than twenty carbon atoms, (3) optionally comprising at least onefatty alcohol comprising at most twenty carbon atoms, (4) at least oneoxyalkylenated nonionic surfactant with an HLB greater than 5, and (5)optionally comprising at least one oxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLBat most equal to 5, provided that (2), (3), (4), and (5) are present ina proportion such that the weight ratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at mostequal to 1:1, (b) developing a color with the aid of at least oneoxidizing composition (B) comprising at least one oxidizing agent,wherein said at least one oxidizing composition (B) is combined at thetime of use with said at least one composition (A) or said at least oneoxidizing composition (B) is applied sequentially to said at least onecomposition (A) without intermediate rinsing.
 78. A method according toclaim 77, wherein said keratin fibers are chosen from human keratinfibers.
 79. A method according to claim 78, wherein said human keratinfibers are human hair.
 80. A multicompartment device or kit for dyeingof keratinous fibres comprising at least two compartments wherein: afirst compartment comprises (1) at least one oxidation dye, (2) at leastone fatty alcohol comprising more than twenty carbon atoms, (3)optionally comprising at least one fatty alcohol comprising at mosttwenty carbon atoms, (4) at least one oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactantwith an HLB greater than 5, and (5) optionally comprising at least oneoxyalkylenated surfactant with an HLB at most equal to 5, provided that(2), (3), (4), and (5) are present in a proportion such that the weightratio [(4)]/[(2)+(3)+(5)] is at most equal to 1:1, and a secondcompartment comprises at least one oxidizing agent.
 81. A compositionaccording to claim 1, wherein said at least one fatty alcohol comprisingat most twenty carbon atoms is chosen from linear and branched,saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols comprising at most twentycarbon atoms.
 82. A composition according to claim 35, wherein saidanionic thickening polymers are chosen from copolymers formed from atleast three monomers, wherein at least one of said at least threemonomers is chosen from a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenicunsaturation, at least one of said at least three monomers is chosenfrom an ester of a carboxylic acid with α,β-monoethylenic unsaturation,and at least one of said at least three monomers is chosen from anoxyalkylenated fatty alcohol.